Can you please provide more details about which version of TVH you are experiencing this issue with?
If you are using the latest version, my first guess is that TVH is not correctly handling multiple event descriptors as described in the DVB specifications.
More than one extended_event_descriptor can be associated to allow information about one event greater in length than 256 bytes to be conveyed.
According to the specification, it would appear that fields longer than 256 bytes can be created by combining multiple descriptors. Handling only one of the descriptors encountered would account for only receiving 256 bytes.
Do you see the first 256 bytes, the last 256 bytes or somewhere in the middle?
If you are able to provide a mux dump of an unencrypted service experiencing this issue, I can have a look at it, but not until October due to other commitments.
https://docs.tvheadend.org/documentation/creating-a-mux-dump
I am also curious why you included 'XMLTV' in your description. Are you trying to extract XMLTV data from TVH after it has harvested OTA EIT EPG data? If so, do you see the full descriptions using the WebUI, or is that also truncated to 256 bytes?