Having a look at the Kodi PVR database schemas, it appears that Kodi supports icons for channels, but not for channel groups:
xbmc/xbmcblob/724bd62606f945e869735b7cebe54d3794fb9e64/xbmc/pvr/PVRDatabase.cpp#L147-L185
CLog::LogFC(LOGDEBUG, LOGPVR, "Creating table 'channels'");
m_pDS->exec("CREATE TABLE channels ("
"idChannel integer primary key, "
"iUniqueId integer, "
"bIsRadio bool, "
"bIsHidden bool, "
"bIsUserSetIcon bool, "
"bIsUserSetName bool, "
"bIsLocked bool, "
"sIconPath varchar(255), " <==== Icon for channels
"sChannelName varchar(64), "
"bIsVirtual bool, "
"bEPGEnabled bool, "
"sEPGScraper varchar(32), "
"iLastWatched integer, "
"iClientId integer, " //! @todo use mapping table
"idEpg integer, "
"bHasArchive bool, "
"iClientProviderUid integer, "
"bIsUserSetHidden bool, "
"iLastWatchedGroupId integer, "
"sDateTimeAdded varchar(20)"
")");
CLog::LogFC(LOGDEBUG, LOGPVR, "Creating table 'channelgroups'");
m_pDS->exec("CREATE TABLE channelgroups ("
"idGroup integer primary key, "
"bIsRadio bool, "
"iGroupType integer, "
"sName varchar(64), "
"iLastWatched integer, "
"bIsHidden bool, "
"iPosition integer, "
"iLastOpened bigint unsigned, "
"iClientId integer, "
"bIsUserSetName bool, "
"sClientName varchar(64), "
"iClientPosition integer"
")");
This appears to be an issue for Team Kodi. I suggest that you make a request on the Kodi forum.