Rob - in the tvheadend web interface, enable debug logging (bottom right, arrows, cog) and see what you're getting there. It'll at least give a clue as to whether it's the signal or not. The other test is simply to record the stream - at the same time if you like - and see whether that stutters on playback; if it does, then it's the signal/processing, if it doesn't, then the stream is likely to be okay.
What are you running tvheadend on? How big, how fast, what sort of discs/memory, what else is happening on it? All
might explain what you're seeing, although simply streaming live TV is a pretty lightweight task in all honesty.