Sascha,
The JSON API is going through significant changes, and as yet is not well defined, however part of the changes are about producing a fully defined spec that is more applicable for general usage (i.e. it will be defined and compatibility will be maintained).
For now, if you're using the new code in master, you need /api/channel/list, to retrieve a key/val set of channels (key = channel UUID, and val = Channel name). If you want to drill down further you can request each idnode with "/api/idnode/load?uuid=UUID". I think I did include a means of getting multiple entries, and I thought there was a way to get a more full channel list (to avoid the 2 stage).
But any comments on what people would like to see in the API is very welcome.
Adam